Elements

Elements in orders have two representations: they can be viewed as elements in the ${\mathbf{Z}}^n$ giving the coefficients wrt to the order basis where they are elements in. On the other hand, as every order is in a field, they also have a representation as number field elements. Since, asymptotically, operations are more efficient in the field (due to fast polynomial arithmetic) than in the order, the primary representation is that as a field element.

Creation

Elements are constructed either as linear combinations of basis elements or via explicit coercion. Elements will be of type AbsNumFieldOrderElem, the type if actually parametrized by the type of the surrounding field and the type of the field elements. E.g. the type of any element in any order of an absolute simple field will be AbsSimpleNumFieldOrderElem

AbsNumFieldOrder Type

  (O::NumFieldOrder)(a::NumFieldElem, check::Bool = true) -> NumFieldOrderElem

Given an element $a$ of the ambient number field of $\mathcal{O}$, this function coerces the element into $\mathcal{O}$. It will be checked that $a$ is contained in $\mathcal{O}$ if and only if check is true.

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  (O::NumFieldOrder)(a::NumFieldOrderElem, check::Bool = true) -> NumFieldOrderElem

Given an element $a$ of some order in the ambient number field of $\mathcal{O}$, this function coerces the element into $\mathcal{O}$. It will be checked that $a$ is contained in $\mathcal{O}$ if and only if check is true.

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  (O::NumFieldOrder)(a::IntegerUnion) -> NumFieldOrderElem

Given an element $a$ of type ZZRingElem or Integer, this function coerces the element into $\mathcal{O}$.

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  (O::AbsNumFieldOrder)(arr::Vector{ZZRingElem})

Returns the element of $\mathcal{O}$ with coefficient vector arr.

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  (O::AbsNumFieldOrder)(arr::Vector{Integer})

Returns the element of $\mathcal{O}$ with coefficient vector arr.

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Basic properties

parent Method

parent(a::NumFieldOrderElem) -> NumFieldOrder

Returns the order of which $a$ is an element.

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elem_in_nf Method

elem_in_nf(a::NumFieldOrderElem) -> NumFieldElem

Returns the element $a$ considered as an element of the ambient number field.

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coordinates Method

coordinates(a::AbsNumFieldOrderElem) -> Vector{ZZRingElem}

Returns the coefficient vector of $a$ with respect to the basis of the order.

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discriminant Method

discriminant(B::Vector{NumFieldOrderElem})

Returns the discriminant of the family $B$ of algebraic numbers, i.e. $det((tr(B[i]\ast B[j]){)}_{i,j}{)}^2$.

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discriminant(E::EllipticCurve) -> FieldElem

Return the discriminant of $E$.

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discriminant(C::HypellCrv{T}) -> T

Compute the discriminant of $C$.

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discriminant(O::AlgssRelOrd)

Returns the discriminant of $O$.

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== Method

==(x::NumFieldOrderElem, y::NumFieldOrderElem) -> Bool

Returns whether $x$ and $y$ are equal.

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Arithmetic

All the usual arithmetic operations are defined:

• -(::NUmFieldOrdElem)

• +(::NumFieldOrderElem, ::NumFieldOrderElem)

• -(::NumFieldOrderElem, ::NumFieldOrderElem)

• *(::NumFieldOrderElem, ::NumFieldOrderElem)

• ^(::NumFieldOrderElem, ::Int)

• mod(::AbsNumFieldOrderElem, ::Int)

• mod_sym(::NumFieldOrderElem, ::ZZRingElem)

• powermod(::AbsNumFieldOrderElem, ::ZZRingElem, ::Int)

Miscellaneous

representation_matrix Method

representation_matrix(a::AbsNumFieldOrderElem) -> ZZMatrix

Returns the representation matrix of the element $a$.

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representation_matrix Method

representation_matrix(a::AbsNumFieldOrderElem, K::AbsSimpleNumField) -> FakeFmpqMat

Returns the representation matrix of the element $a$ considered as an element of the ambient number field $K$. It is assumed that $K$ is the ambient number field of the order of $a$.

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tr Method

tr(a::NumFieldOrderElem)

Returns the trace of $a$ as an element of the base ring.

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norm Method

norm(a::NumFieldOrderElem)

Returns the norm of $a$ as an element in the base ring.

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absolute_norm Method

absolute_norm(a::NumFieldOrderElem) -> ZZRingElem

Return the absolute norm as an integer.

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absolute_tr Method

absolute_tr(a::NumFieldOrderElem) -> ZZRingElem

Return the absolute trace as an integer.

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rand Method

rand(O::AbsSimpleNumFieldOrder, n::IntegerUnion) -> AbsNumFieldOrderElem

Computes a coefficient vector with entries uniformly distributed in $\{-n,\dots ,-1,0,1,\dots ,n\}$ and returns the corresponding element of the order $\mathcal{O}$.

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minkowski_map Method

minkowski_map(a::NumFieldOrderElem, abs_tol::Int) -> Vector{ArbFieldElem}

Returns the image of $a$ under the Minkowski embedding. Every entry of the array returned is of type ArbFieldElem with radius less then 2^-abs_tol.

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conjugates_arb Method

conjugates_arb(x::NumFieldOrderElem, abs_tol::Int) -> Vector{AcbFieldElem}

Compute the conjugates of $x$ as elements of type AcbFieldElem. Recall that we order the complex conjugates ${\sigma }_{r+1}(x),...,{\sigma }_{r+2s}(x)$ such that ${\sigma }_i(x)=\overline{{\sigma }_{i+s}(x)}$ for $r+2\le i\le r+s$.

Every entry $y$ of the array returned satisfies radius(real(y)) < 2^-abs_tol, radius(imag(y)) < 2^-abs_tol respectively.

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conjugates_arb_log Method

conjugates_arb_log(x::NumFieldOrderElem, abs_tol::Int) -> Vector{ArbFieldElem}

Returns the elements $(\log (|{\sigma }_1(x)|),\dots ,\log (|{\sigma }_r(x)|),\dots ,2\log (|{\sigma }_{r+1}(x)|),\dots ,2\log (|{\sigma }_{r+s}(x)|))$ as elements of type ArbFieldElem radius less then 2^-abs_tol.

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t2 Method

t2(x::NumFieldOrderElem, abs_tol::Int = 32) -> ArbFieldElem

Return the $T_2$-norm of $x$. The radius of the result will be less than 2^-abs_tol.

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minpoly Method

minpoly([ZZPolyRing], a::AbsNumFieldOrderElem) -> ZZPolyRingElem

The minimal polynomial of $a$. The parent of the polynomial can be supplied as a first argument.

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charpoly Method

charpoly([ZZPolyRing], a::AbsNumFieldOrderElem) -> ZZPolyRingElem

The characteristic polynomial of $a$. The parent of the polynomial can be supplied as a first argument.

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factor Method

factor(a::AbsSimpleNumFieldOrderElem) -> Fac{AbsSimpleNumFieldOrderElem}

Computes a factorization of $a$ into irreducible elements. The return value is a factorization fac, which satisfies a = unit(fac) * prod(p^e for (p, e) in fac).

The function requires that $a$ is non-zero and that all prime ideals containing $a$ are principal, which is for example satisfied if class group of the order of $a$ is trivial.

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denominator Method

denominator(a::NumFieldElem, O::AbsSimpleNumFieldOrder) -> ZZRingElem

Returns the smallest positive integer $k$ such that $k\cdot a$ is contained in $\mathcal{O}$.

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discriminant Method

discriminant(B::Vector{NumFieldOrderElem})

Returns the discriminant of the family $B$ of algebraic numbers, i.e. $det((tr(B[i]\ast B[j]){)}_{i,j}{)}^2$.

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discriminant(E::EllipticCurve) -> FieldElem

Return the discriminant of $E$.

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discriminant(C::HypellCrv{T}) -> T

Compute the discriminant of $C$.

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discriminant(O::AlgssRelOrd)

Returns the discriminant of $O$.

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